Caterers Ampersand, Clerkenwell Green, Jackson Gilmour and Rocket have made it onto the list.
They join fellow industry suppliers Bubble Food, Moving Venue, The Recipe, In or Out, Rhubarb Food Design, By Word of Mouth and Payne and Gunter.
Absolute Taste, Blue Strawberry and Create Food were dropped from the list.
Ben Lheureux, event operations manager at the Science Museum, said its suppliers must combine "bespoke creativity and flexibility with competitive pricing" to make the grade.
"We have every confidence that our new caterers list can satisfy the needs of our clients while upholding the sustainability policies that the Science Museum is aligned with," he said.
The Science Museum will carry out a separate process to find specialist caterers for accreditation later this year.
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