Theroux is currently researching for the 10 60-minute shows, having taken a two-year break from television to write a book on American subcultures.
However, it is unclear what subject matter or celebrities' houses Theroux will be invading when he comes back to UK screen later this year.
Previous outings have seen the 35-year-old Bafta-winner live with the Hamiltons, eccentric former boxer Chris Eubank, Sir Jimmy Saville, and magician Paul and Debbie Daniels, as well as spending a month living in a US brothel.
Roly Keating, controller of BBC Two, called the documentary-maker one of the most influential and unique voices in TV.
"His acute eye and wicked sense of humour have been away too long. It's great to welcome him back to BBC Two."
Theroux added: "As a student of bizarre organisations and eccentric people, the BBC feels like my natural home."
Theroux first appeared on BBC Two in 'Michael Moore's TV Nation' in 1994. He won Bafta's Richard Dimbleby Award for Best Presenter in 2001 and 2002.
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