The report said that Tesco's top ranking was "almost inevitable" following sales of £32bn and its market leading share in the supermarket and convenience store markets.
Intangible Business, the independent brand consultancy, commissioned the report, which ranked Sainsbury's at £4.9bn and Marks&Spencer at £3.9bn.
Stuart Whitwell, the managing director of Intangible, suggested that Tesco's strong brand gave it a better chance to weather the slowdown on the UK high street, because consumers needed more reasons to buy.
He said: "2008 is starting to show signs of a slowdown. Strong brands are more important than ever."
The report said that as many as 86% of the biggest brands on the high street originated in the UK, followed by the US with seven retailers and Germany and Sweden with two each.
Intangible ranked 100 brands, after looking at public sales figures for the last five years and attributing a score to measures such as future growth, price positioning, customer service and brand heritage.
It said that the value estimates how much the current owners of the brands could be expected to pay for each brand in the current market.
Among the worst performers were Woolworths, valued in the report at £297m, due to falling sales; and Matalan, which suffered a drop in sales of 4% to just over £1bn, and a drop in its share of the UK clothing market from 5.7% to 5.1%.
Aldi, the German discount supermarket chain, was named as one of the top performers, on the back of strong UK sales, which have doubled to almost £2bn since 2005.
Other strong performers included Primark, the value clothing retailer, which increased its share of the UK clothing market by 2% to 10.1% year on year.