'Growing Babies' will use cutting-edge technology to take a fresh look at pregnancy and its role in determining human development and behaviour.
'What Darwin Didn't Know' will explore new insights gained from the science of genetics to answer some of the questions left unanswered by Britain's greatest naturalist.
In 'Science And Islam', Professor Jim Al-Khalili traces the lives and achievements of the great scientists of the medieval Muslim world.
There will also be themed nights featuring new content as well as moments from the BBC's extensive archive.
Janice Hadlow, controller of BBC Four, said: "BBC Four is proud to be passionate about challenging subjects and we have approached our new science programmes with the conviction, energy and verve that has become the signature of the channel.
"As more and more people continue to tune into BBC Four we hope to delight them with the range and depth of the channel which remains unique in the multi-channel world."
BBC Four will also show a number of arts programmes on some of the world's greatest artists and the art world's most important movements.
For the Art of Italy season, in 'Travels With Vasari', Andrew Graham-Dixon will document the life of Giorgio Vasari, a writer, historian and Renaissance gossip, who more than anyone created the modern idea of what it is to be an artist.
It will be accompanied by 'Baroque!', which will see Waldemar Januszczak trace the expansion of the world's first global art movement from its origins in Italy.
.jpg)
.jpg)