The new name will start appearing on advertising panels across Europe and China from next year, and on brochures and ratecards from next month.
Outdoor operations in the US and Canada have already made the switch, having rebranded in January of this year. Only the Mexican subsidiary, Vendor, will retain its current name.
Viacom Outdoor is owned by the CBS Corporation, which was formed last year when chairman Sumner Redstone split his media conglomerate Viacom into two publicly traded businesses, the other being Viacom Inc.
CBS owns the outdoor interests and the eponymous US TV network, while Viacom owns MTV and the Paramount and Dream Works film studios.
In the UK, CBS Outdoor sells advertising on buses, trams, rail and the London Underground, for which it renewed the sales concession earlier this year.