The advertisements, which have titles such as 'Roadkill DOA', 'Carfighter 2', 'Dead Skater' and 'International Truck Wrestling', feature shocking images of injured pedestrians and bloodied bumper bars. The ads were created by M&C Saatchi.
TfL hopes the campaign will reduce child causalities in London by 40%. During a five-year period between 1996 and 2000, there were 5,113 casualties on London roads.
The transport body hopes that the campaign's mix of black humour and shocking images will teach young people to look after themselves.
"Young people are media-aware nowadays and you have to be more sophisticated in the way you approach them," a spokesperson for TfL said of the campaign.
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