The agency beat Saatchi & Saatchi to the business in a two-way integrated pitch that was handled by Agency Assessments and began in January this year.
Ogilvy's presentation combined efforts from a number of its group agencies including Ogilvy & Mather, Ogilvy Interactive and the group's activation company, Dialogue.
The account will be run out of the London office. Ogilvy has been briefed to create an integrated campaign promoting the Cincinnati-based fruit producer's range of bananas across Europe.
Malcolm Poynton, O&M's executive creative director, who led the pitch, said: "It's very gratifying to win the business on a creative basis against some top-flight competition. Chiquita is a brand that lends itself to some distinctive work, and we believe that's what we've come up with."
Patrick Wauters, the vice-president, marketing, Europe, Chiquita Brands International, said: "We saw excellent presentations from all the shortlisted agencies, but Ogilvy's performance was outstanding throughout the pitch process."